Summary – Female Genitalia and Rectal System

Assessment of female genitalia consists of inspection and palpation of the external genitalia structures or vulva and internal assessment using the techniques of vaginal speculum examination (pap smear) and a bi-manual exam of the vagina, adnexa, and, if indicated, the rectum. Abnormal findings of external genitalia include labial bruising, swelling, inflammation, lesions, lumps, warts, or rashes. Urethral swelling, inflammation, or discharge. Pediculosis pubis, evidence of fungal or yeast infection. Perineal tears, fissures, scarring, and rectal hemorrhoids.

Common pathology of the female genitalia includes human papillomavirus (HPV), cervical cancer, sexually transmitted infections, pelvic prolapse, vaginal atrophy, anatomic changes secondary to childbirth, sexual abuse, and hemorrhoids.